Essays and Observations, Physical and Literary, Volumen2G. Hamilton and J. Balfour, 1756 |
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Essays and Observations, Physical and Literary: Read Before a ..., Volumen2 Vista de fragmentos - 2002 |
Términos y frases comunes
acid æther alfo alkali alſo anomaly aphelion appear atmoſphere auricle becauſe body buccina cafe calcarious earth caufe cauftic cauſe colour confiderable deſtroys diffolved diſeaſe diſtance drams equal eſpecially excentric experiments falt fame faturated fecond feems feen femicircle feparated feven feveral fhould fide fince firft firſt fixed air fluid fmall folution of opium fome fometimes foon fpinal marrow fpirit frog ftill ftomach ftool ftrong fubftance fuch fufficient fuppofe furface fymptoms greateſt guts heart heat increaſed itſelf join laſt lefs leſs light likeways lime lime-water liquor magnefia mean anomaly merid minutes moſt motion muft muſcles muſt obferved ounces paffed parallaxes particles peat pericardium pleura powder pulfations pulfe quantity quick-lime raiſed rays reaſon refraction ſector ſeems ſeveral ſhe ſmall ſome ſpace tangent thefe theſe thofe thorax thoſe thro true anomaly uſed veffel velocity vitriol volatile vomit
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Página 191 - ... without any sensible effervescence, or loss of weight. It therefore appears from these experiments, that no air is separated from quick-lime by an acid, and that chalk saturates nearly the same quantity of acid after it is converted into quick-lime, as before. With respect to the second proposition, I tried the following experiments : — A piece of perfect quick-lime, -made from two drams of chalk, and which weighed one dram and eight grains, was reduced to a very fine powder, and thrown into...
Página 172 - This air seems to have been furnished by the alkali, from which it was separated by the acid ; for Dr Hales has clearly proved, that alkaline salts contain a large quantity of fixed air, which they emit in great abundance when joined to a pure acid. In the present case, the alkali is really joined to an acid, but without any visible emission of air : and yet the air is not retained in it ; for the neutral salt, into which it is converted, is the same in quantity, and in every other respect, as if...
Página 187 - I. If we only separate a quantity of air from lime and alkalis, when we render them caustic, they will be found to lose part of their weight in the operation, but will saturate the same quantity of acid as before, and the saturation will be performed without effervescence.
Página 173 - ... into a Florentine flask, which, together with its contents, weighed two ounces and two drams. Some oil of vitriol diluted with water was dropt in, until the salt was exactly saturated; which it was found to be, when two drams, two scruples, and three grains of this acid had been added. The phial with its contents now weighed two ounces, four drams, and fifteen grains. One scruple, therefore, and eight grains were lost during the ebullition, of which a trifling portion may be water, or something...
Página 153 - Hoffman, in one of his observations, gives the history of a powder called Magnesia Alba, which had been long used, and esteemed as a mild and tasteless purgative ; but the method of preparing it was not generally known before he made it public. It was originally obtained from a liquor called the Mother of nitre, which is produced in the following manner : Salt-petre is separated from the brine which first affords it, or from the water with which it is washed out of nitrous earths, by the process...
Página 180 - The feveral folutions, when thoroughly faturated, are all aftringent with a flight degree of an acid tafte, and they alfo agree with a folution of alum in this, that they give a red colour to the infufion of turnfol. NEITHER this earth, nor that of animal bones, can be converted into quick-lime by the ftrongeft fire, nor do they fuffer any change worth notice. Both of them feem to attract acids but weakly, and to alter their properties lefs when united to them than the other abforbents. PART II....
Página 195 - ... the atmosphere, either in the shape of an exceedingly subtile powder, or more probably in that of an elastic fluid. To this I have given the name of fixed air, and perhaps very improperly ; but I thought it better to use a word already familiar in philosophy than to invent a new name, before we be more fully acquainted with the nature and properties of this substance, which will probably be the subject of my further inquiry.
Página 180 - It is sufficiently clear, that the calcarious earths in their native state, and that the alkalis and magnesia in their ordinary condition, contain a large quantity of fixed air, and this air certainly adheres to them with considerable force, since a strong fire is necessary to separate it from magnesia, and the strongest is not sufficient to expel it entirely from fixed alkalis, or take away their power of effervescing with acid salts. These considerations led me to conclude, that...
Página 181 - I also imagined that, when the calcarious earths are exposed to the action of a violent fire, and are thereby converted into quick-lime, they suffer no other change in their composition than the loss of a small quantity of water and of their fixed air. The remarkable acrimony which we perceive in them after this process, was not supposed to proceed from any additional matter received...
Página 173 - ... retained in it: for the neutral salt, into which it is converted, is the same in quantity, and in every other respect, as if the acid employed had not been previously saturated with magnesia, but offered to the alkali in its pure state, and had driven the air out of it in their conflict. It seems therefore evident, that the air was forced from the alkali by the acid, and lodged itself in the magnesia.