done every thing in my power to prevent purpose of asking you what you expect the passing of the bill, and shall pray to to be the consequences of the present God, that the Parliament and the Go-measure. If such were the consevernment will, when both have had quences of the harsh treatment, the detime for reflection, not attempt to carry sire to depress, the feeling of distrust it into execution.

I am,
With the greatest respect,
Your lordship's most humble
And most obedient servant,
Wм. СОВВЕТТ.

and animosity, existing before the riots, what will be the consequences now, when ALREADY, there is the greatest possible distrust created by the very sound of the measure? The wages have been raised; and all the talkers and all the writers in the world would not persuade the labourers, that this revolutionJary scheme is not intended to compel them to submit to lower wages. I do

P.S. My lord, do you not rememberhow people used to laugh at the SPENCEANS Poor SPENCE, who was a sort of crackskull, was sent to jail by Lord KENYON not, as I said before, believe it possible, for a couple of years; and that made that the Lord Chancellor can have this him the founder of a sect. This sect intention; because there is no motive contended, that all the land was the for his having it; but there are others people's farm, and that it ought to be who have the intention, though they taken possession of by the people, and have not the hardihood to avow it; and, hired out for the public good; and, as the the suspicions have been greatly augpoor-law-projectors tell us that the poor mented, too, by the Tories suffering this people would be benefited by making bill to pass, in almost total silence on it irksome for them to obtain relief, by their part. At any rate, whatever may putting a workhouse dress upon them, be the intentions or the wishes of any and by the separation from wife, chil- body with regard to this bill, its effect, dren, and friends; or, being left to if carried into execution, must be to restarve; so the Spenceans, taking the duce the labourers to potatoes and Duke of BEDFORD for an instance, as-water, and to put three fourths of their serted, and, as they said, proved, that he wages into the pockets of the landwould be benefited by their taking away lords. his estate. I am sure that your lordship remembers what laughter this occasioned; and yet was it more ridiculous, now, than the pretence, that the main object of this bill is to raise the character of the labouring man, to make him better off, to make him intellectual and happy! Ah! my lord! This is truly called over acting the thing; and it has done a great deal to awaken the suspicions of the people.

An edition of the above letter, PRICE 2d., will be published immediately. I trust that those who think with me on the subject will do their utmost to circulate it.

TO

LORD ALTHORP,

Your lordship, upon being asked by the commissioners as to the causes of the On the Paper-money works in the

agricultural riots, answered them in the following words: "The low rate of

wages; the harsh treatment of the la"bourers; the desire to depress them; "the general feeling of distrust and "animosity existing between the agri"cultural labourers and their em"ployers." I insert and publish this answer, for two reasons; first, to do justice to your lordship; and, next, for the

United States of America.

Bolt-court, 6 Aug., 1834.

MY LORD,-Do you, amongst.all the nonsense that you have heard from the Negro-canters, and amongst all the incessant botheration about centralization that we have heard since last year this time, remember, that, about a year ago, I did myself the honour to send you a book that I had just then re-published," supply of more than D. 20,000,000 of called the Curse of Paper-money, being "hard money received from foreign an account of the workings of that "countries. thing in the United States? Do you "GOLD CURRENCY. - The new law is remember a letter addressed to you "to take effect on the 31. instant; but soon afterwards, calling on you (on the "already gold is in circulation ! Already suggestion of Mr. Woodward of New "the rare and precious metal is jingling York) to be prepared for the conse- " in the pockets, and glittering in the quences of the measures, on the adoption "hands of the people. Already many of which the President seemed resolved? "travellers have supplied themselves If you do remember these things the following news from the NEW YORK papers of the 9. of July, ought to be and must be, worthy of your particular attention.

"INCREASE OF SPECIE. When Mr. "Benton made his speech on the intro

"with it, and will be able to traverse "the country without the danger of re

66

ceiving, or the humiliation of offering "to pass, the counterfeit imitations of a "wretched paper currency. Strangers as our whole population are to the sight "of gold, it may be necessary to give

"duction of Mr. Taney's Treasury Re-" them some information upon the value "port of the 11. of June, that report " of the coins which will come chiefly "which drove the ghost of alarm from "into circulation. Our old coinage, "the Chamber of the Senate, he (Mr. now in existence, will pass thus: the "Benton) showed from the Custom- "eagle, D.10 66 2-3; half-eagle, "house returns the great and regular "D.3 33 1-3; the quarter-eagle, "increase of specie which was taking "D.2 31 1-6; this being the true "place in the United States; and which "value of the pure gold now in those "then amounted for the year 1833, and "coins; the new coinage will contain

66

as much less pure gold as will make "the eagle and its parts pass at D.10, "D.5, and D.2 50. British gold, of " which a great deal will come in along

"the whole line of the northern frontier " from Passamaquoddy Bayto Lake Su"perior, as well as on the sea-coast of

"the first half of 1834, to near 20,000,000 "dollars. Authentic accounts since "communicated to the Senate, show "that the increase is still going on as " rapidly as ever. On the 30. of June, "being the last day of the session, Mr. "Benton presented to the Senate ano"ther statement of the imports and ex- "the Atlantic, will pass thus: the "ports of specie, which had been re- "guinea, D.5; the sovereign, D.4 84; "ceived at the Treasury Department" the louis-d'or of France, about D.3 75; "since the 11. of June. The aggregate "the doubloons, Spanish and Patriot, "imports for this brief period, nineteen "D.15 60. Note. - All these values "days, were 2,165,700 dollars, and the

suppose full weight, as the value is always to be corrected by weight. "The doubloons, both Spanish and "Patriot, are by law the same value, "for they are of the same weight and

exports to 275,219 dollars, besides "what came by passengers, and which "is not entered in the custom-house "books. The clear gain must, there"fore, have exceeded D. 2,000,000, an "fineness; but the Spanish doubloon " unprecedented amount, and looking " will generally be above the legal rate "almost like an interposition of Provi- "in that market for exportation to "dence to save the people of the United "Cuba, where that species of doubloon "States from the atrocious and nefa- "passes for D.17."

"rious conduct of the Bank of the Now, my lord, that is news worth "United States, which is now hoarding reading. You perceive, that the Ame"aboutD. 13,000,000of specie, and might ricans have lowered the standard of gold " have accomplished her diabolical po- to that of silver. They did not find the "licy of distressing the country, and gold come, and this was the way to bring "breaking the State Banks, had it not it. This is the way to demolish the in"been for this great and providential fernal machine of paper!

And, does your lordship remember, "in the country is lower than has been that I (about the time above-mentioned) "known for many years past, which took the liberty to tell you, that, if "will cause gold to be called for in all America returned to specie, they would " those cases wherein silver, if it could give our affair a shake? And what do " be readily obtained, would be sent in our own newspapers of THIS DAY tell "preference to it. Without looking us? They tell us this: that our gold is "therefore to foreign politics, and congoing away to America; that our pa- "sidering merely the immense liabilities per is contracting in consequence of it; " of the Bank in notes and deposits, and and I know, and you know, that this "branch-bank circulation, in connexion must bring down prices, and bring additional distress to farmers, landlords, and to all persons engaged in active trade; while it will augment the re- necessary, and that it is, in fact, now ceipts of the fundholders, the army, " in progress. This will be cause for navy, pensioner, placeman, annuitant " alarm or otherwise, according to the and mortgagee! Our newspapers of "extent to which it may be deemed reto-day tell us this : "quisite to carry it, but it is very gene

"with the demand for the precious me"tals, there are abundant causes for "concluding that some contraction is

"Exchequer-bills have been termed " rally apprehended by those who have "in the city the barometer of the mo- "considered the subject, that a very "limited contraction will by no means " answer the present purpose."

"ney-market, and as a gradual con"tinued decline in them has occurred "during several days past, people are "beginning to make inquiry into the

"CITY, SATURDAY EVENING.-The "Public SECURITIES have evinced a

cause of it. The first suspicion in " considerable degree of heaviness with"these cases always falls upon the " in the last few days, which is ascribed "Bank, since whenever a contraction " to conflicting causes. One cause, " of the circulation is judged necessary, "which has had its influence on the "the readiest mode of effecting it is by "funds, is the impression which exists "sales of Exchequer-bills, which may be "that there will shortly be a drain of " done avowedly in the open market, or "the precious metals for the United " in some circuitous way whenever it is "States. Yesterday and to-day about "thought advisable to conceal the ope- "50,000 ounces of gold coin have been "ration. In the present instance, how- " entered for exportation to New York, ever, no circumstance has come to "and the shipments of silver have "light affording a fair presumption that " amounted in the same period to up"the Bank are selling, but it has not "wards of 30,000 ounces. One large "removed the suspicion nevertheless, "capitalist, it is understood, is making "that this is the case. The state of the preparations to export a million and a "money-market justifying the opinion "half of specie, should it be required. "that the Bank ought in prudence to "These circumstances have led to the "curtail the circulation at this time, it "depression of full five-eighths per " is still believed that they are sending "cent. that has taken place in the pub

"

"

"

"lic funds, and sales were made this morning at the lowest prices of the

Exchequer-bills to market, and that "this is the sole cause of the decline in "them. A great demand for gold, as "week." we have already intimated, does asWell done, JACKSON! Well done, "suredly exist, not only for the United JONATHAN! Only KEEP ON, and you "States, where an immense amount are saved from an insolent monied aris" will be wanted to complete the mea- tocracy, and we are delivered, in a very "sure for establishing a different stan-short time, from more and greater "dard between gold and silver, but also " for other parts of the world; and what " makes the matter more serious is, that "the stock of silver bullion and dollars

plagues than God ever inflicted on the land of Egypt.

Now, I beg your lordship to consider, that America (in which there NEVER

!

was before a gold circulation!) must neighbourhood, and to discover the per(if she KEEP ON) now have a large petrator a reward of two hundred pounds share of the gold of the world; and is offered, and his Majesty's pardon to that the greater part of that share those concerned who will give informmust go from England. To paper, ation, except the actual perpetrator. sheer, bare, worthless, inconvertible, These melancholy and malicious visitafalse, base paper we must come; or we tions seldom occur without some powermust reduce the interest of the debt! ful incentive; and deeply is it to be Numerous have been the acts of hos- lamented that the vindictive feelings of tility (open and secret) that we have four fellow-men should be exhibited by committed against the liberties of Ame- conduct so atrocious and repugnant to rica: the "National Bank" scheme every thing like Englishfeeling, and altowas the last; a last deadly effort. The gether so novel in the hitherto open and people of America have seen through straightforward character of the British the scheme; they are defending them- people.

selves, and taking their revenge. If you, These incendiary fires are, however, my lord, have RESOLUTION adequate of recent occurrence, and to trace the to the emergency, we are safe; but if evil to its source is surely one of the you have not; and if you continue to first duties of the Government and the endeavour to make us pay fifty-two legislature. Many have been the legal millions a year in gold, with wheat at examples exhibited to the country, and the present prices (and it must be lower); many the offences punished by the forif you continue to attempt to do this feiture of life; but these legalized im(and I fear you will), then this nation, molations and examples appear wholly and especially this aristocracy and this inedequate to arrest the soul-harrowing church, and the landowners, will suffer crime so derogatory to our national indeed for all our unjust hostility to character. As it regards the fire at the liberties of the American people! Colerne, a little inquiry might perhaps Then, indeed, will the town of HAMP- trace the lamentable event to a cause, TON and the town of FRENCHTOWN be and though no provocation can for one - avenged! Then will the plots and con- moment palliate the conduct of the inspiracies of Sir J. CRAIG and Captain cendiary, it would operate as a guide HENRY; then will the manifesto of to the future proceedings of the statesJOHN WILSON CROKER; then will the man and the legislature.

deeds of COCHRANE and COCKBURN; Many are the causes to which the fire then will the putting to death of the at Colerne are attributed; and worthy American seamen in the horrid prison and respected as Mr. Pinchin is on all on Dartmoor; then will all these (faith- hands admitted to be, it is fair to

fully recorded in my History of the Re-
gency of George the Fourth) receive
their just and appropriate reward!

I am,
Your lordship's most humble

And most obedient servant,
Wм. СОВВЕТT.

FIRES IN THE COUNTRY.

FIRE AT COLERNE.

To the Editor of the Bath Guardian.

SIR, Incendiarism has recently exhibited its devastating effects in this

presume that some strong incentive must have operated upon the mind of the guiltp party.

Is not Mr. Pinchin one of the overseers of the parish? Has there not been recently introduced into the parish of Colerne a new system of "farming" the pauper poor, by which their wretched condition is rendered more wretched than heretofore? Was there not some harsh conduct shown towards the widow and children of the poor man who broke his leg at the recent feast at Mr. Boody's, and fell a victim to his misfortune? Is not the rector of the parish absent from his living and attending another which he has in Oxfordshire or elsewhere,

Box, July 16.

I am, &c.

PUBLICOLA.

WINCHESTER ASSIZES.

leaving his flock to a curate; and when spiritless, dependents of poverty and the rector was actually performing duty want. in the parish, were not he and the parishioners in unceasing disputation? And did his flock under such circumstances derive any useful assistance from his spiritual exhortations, or was his example so salutary as to produce any effect on his parishioners? Did he by precept and example teach them the evil consequences of spiritual teachers being game preservers, severe tithe collectors, begettors of an illegitimate progeny, and proclaim, with effect, that the kingdom of spiritual guides ought not to be of this world?

If the queries which are here submitted as to the new mode of managing the pauper poor of this parish be correct, would it not be one of the first duties of the Government to pause ere the new Poor-law Bill become a law of the land? Would it not be policy to trace the

At the opening of the Crown Court on Monday morning every part of it was thronged with persons anxious to hear the result of the trial of George Barrett and John Munday, charged with setting fire to a load of straw, on the 19. of February last, with intent to destroy the adjacent farm buildings, belonging to Upper Cranbourne farm, in the parish of Wonston, occupied by Mr. W. Saunders.

Mr. Missing, with whom was Mr. Dampier, addressed the jury for the prosecution, observing that the present was one of the most serious charges that could be brought before them.

evils to their source, and to legislate Acts of this description were generally accordingly, without fear, favour, or committed when people were at rest, affection for any class, particularly the and property was consequently pесиlanded interest, to whose neglect and liarly exposed. The chief evidence rapacious conduct the disastrous state would be that of an accomplice, which, of the country is in a very considerable if believed, would leave no doubt of the degree to be attributed? The Govern- guilt of the prisoners. To such a witment and legislature should bear in ness considerable suspicion was attached, mind, that, in a country like England, as he would be anxious to shift the susrenowned for its industry, skill, enter- picion from himself; and his evidence, prise, great internal resources, and therefore, could not be received unless everything which constitutes real corroborated.

national greatness, when we see age Mr. W. Saunders deposed that the going to the workhouse and youth to prisoners were his servants, lodging in the gallows, something must be radically the house belonging to Upper Cranwrong in the system of Government; borne Farm, about a mile to the south to the superficial observer everything of Upper Cranborne. Was alarmed may appear fair, but there lies hidden about eight o'clock on the evening of from the eye of common observation a the 19. of February, when he mounted mass of wretchedness, which has no his horse, and rode as fast as he could other chance but to expire in poverty or towards the fire, which was increasing

rapidly. When he arrived, Munday and Barrett were getting the harness out of the stable, and Parsons was driving the pigs from the yard. Both barns were on fire, the wagon of straw standing

infamy, and their very entrance into life is marked with the presage of their fate, and until that is remedied it is in vain to punish. How much worse must be the national degradation, and how far more appalling our condition, between them. Barrett told witness when not only youth and age are thus that the fire commenced in the load of reduced, but the hale, laborious, and straw, and that no one had been seen once proverbially honest of our labour- about the yard. Left the fire about ing adult population, are the inmates of twelve o'clock, accompanied by the two workhouses, or the parish-pay seeking, prisoners and Parsons. As they pro