TARIFF-FATHERS, etc.-Continuea. "From the best information that I have been able to obtain it appears that our manufactures, though depressed immediately after the peace, have considerably increased and are still increasing, under the encouragement given them by the tariff of 1816, and by subsequent laws. On full consideration of the subject, in all its relations, I am persuaded that a further augmentation may now be made of the duties on certain foreign articles, in favor of our own, and without affecting injuriously any other interest." * * * ANDREW JACKSON, MESSAGE DEC. 7, 1830. "Among the numerous causes of congratulation, the condition of our import revenue deserves special mention, inasmuch as it promises the means of extinguishing the public debt sooner than was anticipated, and furnishes a strong illustration of the practical effects of the present tariff upon our commercial interests. The object of the tariff is objected to by some as unconstitutional, and it is considered by almost all as defective in many of its parts. The power to impose duties on imports originally belonged to the States. The right to adjust those duties with a view to the encouragement of domestic branches of industry is so completely identical with that power that it is difficult to suppose the existence of the one without the other. The States have delegated their whole authority over imports to the General Government, without limitation or restriction, saving the very inconsiderable reservation relating to their inspection laws. "The authority having thus entirely passed from the States, the right to exercise it for the purpose of protection does not exist in them, and consequently, if it be not possessed by the General Government, it must be extinct. Our political system would thus present the anomaly of a people stripped of the right to foster their own industry, and to counteract the most selfish and destructive policy which might be adopted by foreign nations. This surely can not be the case; this indispensable power, thus surrendered by the States, must be within the scope of the authority on the subject expressly delegated to Congress. In this conclusion, I am confirmed as well by the opinions of Presidents Washington, Jefferson, Mad. ison, and Monroe, who have each repeatedly recommended the exercise of this right under the Constitution, as by the uniform practice of Congress, the continued acquiescence of the States, and the general understanding of the people." TARIFF-Fathers, etc.-Continued. CONCLUSIONS FOR THE FOREGOING TESTIMONY. 1. On a review of the teachings and practices of the makers of the Constitution and the Government, we are driven to the inevitable conclusion that, if it be "a fundamental principle of the Democratic party that the Federal Government has no constitutional power to impose and collect duties” for the protection of American industries, then the Democratic party has no lot or part in "the long and illustrious line" of leaders who were Presidents from 1789 to 1830; for Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, and Jackson all assert the existence of this constitutional power, and advocate and commend its exercise. 2. If there is "no constitutional power to impose and collect duties" for protection in the General Government, then each one of these makers and illustrious leaders of the country was ignorant of the Constitution, usurped powers not conferred by that instrument, trampled its limitations under his feet, and deserves nothing but execration from the Democratic party, the only competent expounder of that instrument. 3. If the four Presidents named, and adding to them the two Adamses, constitute "a long line of illustrious leaders," worthy the following of the parties of to-day, then they are the leaders of the Republican party, which continues to maintain their principles and to follow their example in refusing "to suppress the imposts and give that advantage to foreign over domestic manufactures,” but insists that in "the revision of our commercial laws" Congress shall take care to "protect and foster the several branches of manufactures" which "have been instituted or extended by the laudable exertions of our citizens." 4. If "Republican protection is a fraud, a robbery of the great majority of the American people for the benefit of the few," then James Madison, "the father of the Constitution" was the prime author of this system of fraud and robbery, for he is also "the father of protection" in American legislation. And Washington, Hamilton, Jefferson, and the others concurred with him in establishing this fraud and robbery of the American people. 5. If it be true that "the Federal Government has no constitutional power to impose and collect duties" for "the encouragement of domestic branches of industry," then this power "must be extinct," for "the States have delegated their whole authority over imposts to the General Government," and can not in any manner interfere. TARIFFS, OLD AND NEW-Continued. ARTICLE. RATES OF DUTY Old Law. Coloring-For brandy, wine, beer or other liquors.....50%. bulbous roots and excrescences,such as nut galls, Ether-Sulphuric... Of all kinds, n. s. p. f.. Logwood and other dyewoods, extracts and decoc Fruit ethers, oils or essences.. tions of.. Sumac-Extract of.. Bark for dyeing or tanning, extracts of-Other than Fish Glue or Isinglass-Value at not above 7c lb. 10% AVERAGE AD VAL. 40c lb. 40c lb. 10 400 10 400 $1 lb.. $2.50 lb. $2 lb.. gc lb. 10% se lb. 10% do... do... 8.28 10 16c lb. 25% 25.12 25 25% Value at above 30c lb... 3C% Gelatine-Valued at not above 7c lb.. 11⁄2c lb. do... Valued at above 7c and not above 30c lb.. Valued at above 30c lb.... 30% do.... 30 Licorice-Extracts of, in paste, rolls, or other form...5%c lb.. Opium-Aqueous, extract of, for medicinal uses, and tincture of, as laudanum, and all other liquid preparations of, n. s. p. f Crude or manufactured, and not adulterated, con- Paints and Colors-Baryta sulphate of, or barytes. Black, made from bone, ivory or vegetable, includ- Chrome yellow, chrome green, and all other chro- -Ocher and ochery earths, ground in oil.. Whiting and paris white, dry.. Spirit varnishes. All other, including gold size or Japan. Vermilion red, not containing quicksilver, but Whiting and paris white, ground in oil (putty). Zine, oxide of, and white paint containing zinc, but not containing lead, dry. Zinc, oxide of, and white paint containing zinc. All other paints and colors, dry or mixed, or ground $1.32 gal.+35% $1.32 gal.+25% 25% 35 Per ct. Per ct. 69.56 59.56 25 12c lb. 20% 26.77 20 25% 6c lb. 25 3c lb. 3c lb. 20.33 20.33 c lb. 4c lb. 142.48 71.24 lclb.. clb. 189.50 94.75 |