Petrochemical Industry: Energy Aspects of Structural Change

ammonia Annex aromatics base case cracker benzene butadiene Butane Canada cent competitiveness cracker cracking crude oil developed country economic energy consumption energy market energy products enterprises ethane cracker ethane prices ethylene capacity ethylene derivatives ethylene glycol ethylene production Europe and Japan European exports factors feedstock feedstock prices Figure fixed capital fuel Gas oil gasoline growth hydrocarbons important industry's Japan LDPE major methanol Middle East million tonnes naphtha cracker naphtha prices natural gas condensates natural gas price natural gas processing OECD OECD countries oil and gas oil price shock oil products oil shock output petrochemical feedstocks petrochemical industry petrochemical markets petrochemical production plant plastics Polypropylene Polystyrene primary petrochemicals production capacity production cost projects propane propylene reference scenario refinery relative second oil price Secretariat estimates sector Source Styrene supply synthesis gas Table thermoplastics tonne of ethylene traditional production areas United Western Europe